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Gerald Ford Supreme Court candidates
During his time in office, President Gerald Ford made one appointment to the Supreme Court of the United States. Ford nominated John Paul Stevens to replace Associate Justice William O. Douglas, whom Ford had unsuccessfully attempted to impeach while Ford was a congressman.
In December 1974, the 76-year-old Douglas suffered a stroke while vacationing in Nassau, Bahamas that paralyzed his left arm and leg. Douglas was discharged from Walter Reed Army Medical Center in March 1975, and was in and out of the hospital for the remainder of the 1974-1975 term.〔 Although Chief Justice Warren E. Burger urged Douglas to retire, Douglas showed no intention of doing so. However, Douglas' condition continued to deteriorate, and on October 28, 1975, his doctors told him his condition would never improve and that he would be paralyzed and in near-constant pain for the rest of his life.〔 On November 12, 1975, Douglas announced that he would immediately retire and assume senior status.〔(Douglas, William Orville ), Federal Judicial Center website, accessed December 9, 2008〕 On November 28, 1975, Ford nominated John Paul Stevens to replace Douglas. Stevens was confirmed by the United States Senate on December 17, 1975.〔(Federal Judicial Center page on John Paul Stevens ).〕〔(U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes - Nomination of John Paul Stevens ), ''senate.gov''〕
==Politics==
Throughout much of the history of the United States, the Supreme Court of the United States was considered the least powerful branch of the government, and nominations to that body, although important, were not the source of great political controversy as they are today. Over the course of the 1950s, 60s and 70s, the Supreme Court had become a significant source of social change through decisions such as ''Brown v. Board of Education''〔''Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka'', 347 U.S. 483 (1954).〕 and ''Roe v. Wade''.〔''Roe v. Wade'', 410 U.S. 113 (1973).〕
Ford, who had been appointed to the Vice Presidency after Nixon's second term began, and who assumed the Presidency without having sought the office, did not articulate a philosophy for the kind of justices he would like to appoint to the Supreme Court, the way subsequent presidents did. It is significant that Ford involved himself less in the earlier stages of the process of identifying candidates for the court than some later presidents did; when the Douglas vacancy arose, he essentially left the decision up to his attorney general, Edward H. Levi.〔 At the same time, one of Ford's reasons for attempting as a congressman to impeach Douglas in 1970 involved what Ford called Douglas' "liberal opinions."
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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